Weaving looms



C. DEVAUD wEAvrNG Looms April 23, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Dec. 14, 1954 N\EN7'Or Charles Devaud.

ATTORNEY April 23 1.957 c. DEVAUD 2,789,583

wEAvING Looms Filed Dec. 14, 1,954 s Smets-sheet 2 49 2? .2g/29 50 20 r WUA' j .l mml l 19a u 21) 51 25 1 24 9 W41 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Charles Devaud.

April 23, 1957 c. DEVAUD 2,789,583

WEAVING LOOMS Filed De. 14, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 /m/ffr TOR United States Paten'tOA WEAVING LOOMS Charles Devaud, Collonge-Bellerive, Switzerland t Application December 14, 1954, Serial No. 475,261

Claims priority, application Switzerland December 16, 1953 2 Claims. (Cl. 139-124) In weaving in general and in particular in connection with the weaving of narrow fabrics, attempts to increase the speed of machines have always met with one diiculty, namely that the movements of the parts (driver, shuttle, healds) are discontinuous. Endeavours have also been made to reduce the weight of the parts in movement and the amplitude of these same movements so as toY reduce the inertia of the Whole.

It is known to use, for weaving narrow fabrics in the form of bands or ribbons, so-called needle looms, which eliminate the usual shuttle and enable the amplitude of the movements of the driver and healds to be reduced. In these needle looms, the stopping of double weft thread inserted between the warp threads at each movement of the needle takes place 'by forming a chain stitch at the edge of the fabric opposite to that at which the needle is located. However, this method of weaving by means of -looms referred to above causes the fabric to be obtained these looms, the needle has a complicated shape andy movement, in View of the fact that it has to bring the loop of double weft around the trajectory of the shuttle so as to enable the latter, during its to-and-fro movement,

to cause the auxiliary thread which it carries to pass through each of the loops of the double weft. These looms have the disadvantage of being provided with needles of which the moment of inertia is high and of requiring a control mechanism of complicated construc-` tion for the shuttle and of which the to-and-fro movements limit the speed of the loom.

Known looms oper-` "ice , device and a cop for effecting the passage into each loop The present invention tends to remedy the above-meni tioned disadvantages. It has for its subject a process of weaving a band, according to which a weft thread, forming a loop, is inserted successively between the warp threads, by means lof a needle, the end of the loop being stopped by an auxiliary thread supplied in proportion to the weaving and passing through each loop of the double weft. In the process of this invention, the loop of the double weft thread which is fed through the warp threads is engaged by a hook and then pulled by said hook around a bobbin carrying an auxiliary thread thereby causing the said auxiliary thread to pass into said loop.

The invention also has for its subject a weaving loom for carrying into effect the process referred to above and comprising unwinding members for the warp thread,`

members for winding up the fabric, healds for producing the opening and closing of the shed, a comb controlled by a slay, a needle for inserting successively between the warp threads a weft thread forming a loop and a shuttle of double weft an auxiliary thread adapted to stop the said loop. The weaving loom according to the invention is characterised in that the shuttle device comprises a hook subjected to an angular movement, a mechanism for synchronising the movement of the hook with that of the needle in such a manner that the said hook cornes into engagement with each loop of double weft passed by the needle through the warp threads so as to pull it and to cause it to pass around the cop.

One form of construction of a loom according to the invention is shown diagrammatically and by way of example in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a partial view in perspective of the said loom.

Fig. `2 is a sectional view on the line II-II of Fig. 1.

Fig.'3 is a plan view of the mechanism for controlling the needle and the shuttle.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the weaving loom.

Fig. 5 is an example of the fabric obtained by the loom according to the invention.

Figure 6 is a view in perspective of a portion of the shuttle device comprising a hook.

Figure 7 is an enlarged view of that part of the loom shown in the upper right hand portion of Figure 2.

Figure 8 is a front view of a heald and the driving means therefor.

With` reference to the various figures of the drawing, said loom comprises members 1 for unwinding the warp threads 2, members 3 for guiding the finished fabric 4, healds 5 for effecting the opening and closing of the shed, a comb 6, carried lby a slay 7, and a needle S for inserting a weft thread 9 successively between the warp threads 2. During each engaging movement of the needle 8 in the shed, the said needle forms a loop of double weft adapted to be stopped by means of an auxiliary thread 10, supplied by the shuttle 11, in which is located a bobbin or cop 12.

' In this weaving loom, the shuttle comprises a hook 13 subjected to a rotary movement. In fact said hook 13 is secured to a shaft 14 driven in rotation from a main shaft 15 through the medium of gears 16. In the interior of the part 17, carrying the hook 13, and which forms a trough, is located a cop support 18, supported by shoulder on the interior wall of the trough-shaped member 17, -in the interior of which is located the cop proper 12. Said cop support is held stationary by an arm 19, hinged at 19a, and having an extension 20 adapted to co-operate with the top of the cop support so as to lock the latter against any rotation, as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 7.

The hook member 13 is integral with the inner wall of the trough-shaped member 17 and is tongue-shaped `with respect thereto. That portion of the wall of the troughshaped member 17 adjacent to hook 13 is slightly shaped to form the hollow 13a at its top surface to permit the needle 8 to pass thereover adjacent to hook 13, thereby allowing hook 13 to grab the weft thread 9.

, The needle 8 is carried by a needle bar 21, sliding in bearings 22 and 23 and set in to-and-fro movement by means of links 24 and crank 25. Said crank 25 is secured to one end of a shaft 26 driven by the shaft 15 through themedium of gears 27.

As shown in Figs. l and 2, the loom comprises a casing 28 of general U-shape. The warp threads 2 pass between the casing portions 29 and 30 of the U formed by the casing. The needle-carrying bar Z1 thus slides in the part 29 of the casing and, at each forward movement of the needle, this engages in the needle hole 31 provided in the part 30 of the casing. When the needle S engages in the hole 31 at the end of its forward stroke, it is located tangentially against the rotary hook 13. In forward position needle 8 passes through hole 101 of support member ze i8, as shown in Figures 3 and 7. Thus as the hook 13 is driven in rotation and carries out three revolutions Whilst' the needle only carries out a single movement, the said hook engages with the portion of thread leaving theeye of the needle and passing under the needle.

The weft thread 9 is supplied to the needle 8 Vfroma reel, not shown. Said weft thread 9 passes into a thread tensioning device 32 (seee Fig. l), on to a thread take-up. device comprising a wheel 33, carried by a shaft 34, subjected Yto a continuous movement of rotation, said Wheel 33 carrying a pin 35 over which the thread 9 passes. From said pin 35 the thread is passed into a tube 36 which conducts it into the proximityof the needle' 8.

The movements of the slay 7 and the healds 5 are con-` trolled from the main shaft '15. In fact, as shown in Fig. 4, the main shaft carries a toothed wheel 37 around which passes a chain 38,driving another toothed wheel 39 carried by an auxiliary shaft 40.. SaidV auxiliary shaft 40 drives a link and crank device 41.,.acting at `42 onthe slay 7, which itself is hinged at 43. The shaftAgalso carries a conical pinion 44 gearing with 'a second 'conical pinion 45, secured toV a shaft 46 carrying cams 47 for the actuation of the healds 5. lt is also from said shaft 40 that there isdriven, by a mechanism not shown, thelshpaft' 34 ofV the `thread take-up device 33. A third conical pinion 48 gears with the pinion 44. Said pinion 48 is keyed to a shaft 49 carrying a wormV 50 adapted to drive a wheel 51 keyed to a shaft 52 carrying a grooved' pulley 53. With this grooved pulley 53 engages a trapezoid'al belt 54 which drives a shaft 55 through the medium of a conical change speed device Y56. A tensioning device 57 is provided for maintaining a constant tension on the belt 54. The vshaft 55, driven by the variable change speed gear 56, carries ya drum 58 on which the fabric/4 is wound so as to be entrained to the outside Vof the loom. The winding of the fabric band 4 on the drum 58 is ensured by two guide rollers 59.

This loom is also provided, like other looms of usual construction, with warp stop motion devices 60. It will' be understood that the dimensions of the pinons and toothed wheels shown in Fig. 4 do not correspondjwith actuality as this figure is only a very diagrammatic view of the weaving loom of which some parts, such kas the control mechanism of the slay and healds are of known construction.

The loom described above operates in the' followingj manner:

The warp threads 2 are tensioned longitudinally over the loom, between the roller 3 and the supply'roll 1. At each movement of the needle 8, `a loop of doubleweft i sj engaged between the warp threads 2, held spaced apart by the healds 5. At the end of the forward movement,` and after a slight recoil of the needle S, which` is at a tangent to the hook .13, the hook 13 engages in thenloop of double weft carried along by the needlek and pullsjit in such amanner as to cause it to pass around the cop 12 carrying the auxiliary'thread 10. After the slight recoil' movement of the needle 8, a small loop of thread 9 forms and is engaged by the hook 13. With reference to Figure 7, here is set forth the positions of the various component parts at the moment the hook 13 engagesthe loop of the weft thread. The hook 13 causes the loop' to expand in causing the said thread to passV beneathy 1a portion of the support 1S. After having effected a coin-` plete revolution, the double weft loop is slackened .and-theI hookreleases the double wett loop carried by the needlel 8 and this is held in the fabric by the auxiliary threadzlo."

auxiliary thread is aligned on the band of fabric,

' provision ismade' for controlling the closing lmovement of at least two adjacent warp threads 2 whilst the needle 8 is engaged between said warp threads 2. In the example of fabric shown in Fig. 5, these are precisely the second and third warp threads 2b and 2c, from the edge of the fabric band 4, to which=the auxiliary thread 10 is applied, which are controlled before withdrawing the needle 8. For this reason, after the withdrawal of the needle 8, the thread 9, withdrawn by the thread take-up device 33, is stopped vby the hooking points 61 against the two warp threads 2b' and 2c. Thus said hooking points 61 are perfectly alignedy on the. fabric bandv and the auxiliary thread 10 stops the loops of the double weft 62 by forming a zigzag point `around the last weft thread 2a. The closing movement of the two warp threads 2b and 2c for obtaining the fabric shown in Fig. 5 is thus controlled by two cams 47 arranged in opposition to one another, eachthereof controlling the frame carrying the healds 5 corresponding with the threads 2b and 2c. Each heald comprises the frame 5a having attached thereto the metallic thread 5b with a ring member 5c positioned atl and attached to the central portion thereof. Each frame Sais attached to a portion 65 of the loom by means of 'an elastic band member 66, and a warp thread is guided by each ring member 5c.

As clearly seen in Figures 4 and 8, the to and fro verticalmoyements of each frame 5a is controlled by cam 47\ on shaft 46 by means of lever 67 pivoted about land connected to fulcrum member 68 which is attached to the loom casing, and said lever 67, having end portion 71 engaging cam 47, is attached to the inner portion of frameSa by means of a connecting rod connected to 67 at point .69. Instead of a rod 70, a metalli-c thread mem-ber may be utilized.

It will be' understood, in la modification, that instead of stopping thehooking points 61 against the second andl third warp threads, these hooking points may be stopped atlany point of the Width of the fabric. pose .it is sufficient either to control the healds 5, or to adjust in consequence the tension of the thread tensioning device 32. It is also possible, by adjusting the said tensioning device 32, to cause the auxiliary thread 10 to remain aligned to the edge of the fabric andl finally constitute a Warp thread.

It will be understood that after each withdrawal move ment lof the needle 8, the mechanism of this loom controls the usual. movement rof the healds 5 and of the slay 7.l In accordance with its weaving, the fabric band 4 is withdrawn .from the loom by the drum 58.

lathe-loom described above, the shaft 14 carrying the hook-.13 `is inclined (see Fig. 4), this for the purpose ofv obtaining a `more compact construction of the loom.

For this pur- Howevenit willbe understood that the said shaft 14` may be arranged vertically or-even horizontally, parallel tothe needle-carryingbar 21, when using a rotary shuttle e ofdifferent type.

In a further modification, instead of being subjected to a continuous rotary movement, the hook 13 may be subjectedfto an angular oscillatory movement. Further, the needle, instead of being subjected to a rectilinear movement, may be carried Iby a mechanism vwhich im- The needle then continues its return movemennafterl i which the. mechanism of the loom controlling themov It isto bey observed vthat in this loom, for'obtaining regular fabric, that is to say for ensuring that the/hooking i point 61 of. each loop `of-.the double AweftL62-with the parts 'an arcuate movement thereto.

' 1. vAmethod ofxweaving a fabric comprising inserting a-weft .thread successively. between warp threads, forming a looped portion'at :the ufree end of said yweft thread, slackeningrthe looped weft thread, passing the looped portion around abobbincarrying an auxiliary thread, passingtheauxiliarythread into the looped portion of theWetthread, pulling'the. free end. of the looped weft. vthreadbackthrough ,thewarp threads, causing said auxiliia'ry, thread .to become looped about the first warp thread 'adjacent said bobbin, andV -tightening the second and third.

warpthreads adjacent said 'bobbin while pulling the free corresponding` end of the looped weft thread back between the warp threads.

2. In a loom comprising means for unwinding warp threads, a shed, means for opening and closing said shed, a comb member, a slay means for controlling said comb, la weft thread tensioning device, a weft thread take-up wheel mounted adjacent the tensioning device, a needle means for successively inserting a weft thread between the warp threads, the combination comprising a shuttle means including a hoolt member integral therewith, a bobbin means for carrying an auxiliary thread, said bobbin means being positioned within said shuttle means, said shuttle means being mounted for angular rotation with respect to said bobbin means, means for synchronizing the angular movement of said shuttle means including said hooi; member with the movement of said needle means, said means including a rst shaft operatively connected to said shuttle means, a tirst gear means operatively connected to said first shaft, a second shaft operatively connected at one end thereof to said first gear means and perpendicular to said rst shaft, a 'second gear means operatively connected to said second shaft at the other end thereof, la third shaft operatively connected at one end thereof to said second gear means and perpendicular to said second shaft, a crank and link member operatively connected to said third shaft at the other end thereof and to said needle means, whereby the said needle means may be moved to and fro to form a loop of weft thread after the forward pass through the warp thread and then retract slightly and whereby the hook member may grab said loop which is slackened and cause said looped weft thread to pass around said bobbin, and means for controlling the healds in tightening the warp threads while `said needle means is making the second pass through the warp threads and while the auxiliary thread is holding the looped end of the weft thread in fixed position and is being interlocked about an end warp thread.

References Cited inthe le of this ptent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,968,755 Fowler July 31, 1934 2,095,480 Schlegel Oct. 12, 1937 2,398,484 Williamson Apr. 16, 1946 2,652,072 Villa et al Sept. 15, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 124,344 Great Britain Mar. 27, 1919 

